Brain tissue expression of GNG7 - Summary

GENERAL INFORMATIONⁱ General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Human gene nameⁱ Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.	GNG7
Mouse gene name	Gng7
Human gene descriptionⁱ Full gene name according to HGNC.	G protein subunit gamma 7
Predicted locationⁱ All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions. Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached. Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s). The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location. Read more	Intracellular
Mouse gene	ENSMUSG00000048240 (version 103)
Pig gene	No orthologous pig gene.
Antibodies in assayⁱ The internal antibody ID for the antibody/antibodies available for this specific target, click link for more antibody information.	HPA057790

HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATION
Tissue specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the consensus dataset which is calculated from the RNA expression levels in samples from HPA and GTEX. The categories include: tissue enriched, group enriched, tissue enhanced, low tissue specificity and not detected. Read more	Tissue enriched (brain)
	Human brain	Mouse brain
Regional specificityⁱ The regional specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analysed brain samples, grouped into 13 main brain regions and calculated for the three different species. All brain expression profiles are based on data from HPA. The specificity categories include: regionally enriched, group enriched, regionally enhanced, low regional specificity and not detected. The classification rules are the same used for the tissue specificity category. Read more	Low region specificity	Region enriched (basal ganglia)
Regional distributionⁱ The regional distribution category is based on mRNA expression detected above cut off or not in the analysed brain samples, grouped into 13 main brain regions and calculated for the three different species. Brain expression for all species is based on data from HPA. The distribution categories include: detected in all, detected in many, detected in some, detected in single and not detected. The classification rules are the same used for the tissue distribution category. Read more	Detected in all	Detected in all
Cellular locationⁱ Manually selected location of the protein positivity, observed by immunofluorescence staining in mouse brain. Read more	Axon and synapse in neurons.
Protein profileⁱ A summary of the overall protein localization across the analyzed brain tissue. The summary is based on manual annotation. Mouse brain profiles includes a more extensive summary of the protein location while summaries with only human protein profile are more limited and are based on imported data/images from the Tissue Atlas stainings that has undergone an additional brain-centric curation step. Read more	GNG12 is generally found in several human tissues, with small intestine and aorta showing the highest RNA expression and brain being one of those with lowest. In the mouse, moderate/strong-intensity and diffuse/synaptic-type immunoreactivity as well as staining of fine axonal networks are noticed in multiple (but not all) forebrain regions, using an antibody that detects both GNG12 and GNG7. These areas include the olfactory bulb glomerular layer, 'prefrontal' cortical areas, superficial (I-IV.) layers of the neocortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus (arcuate region), caudate putamen, globus pallidus and nucleus accumbens. In the brainstem, the staining is restricted to the substantia nigra and the inferior colliculus. Finally, available data from transcriptomic databases demonstrate much higher levels of GNG7 compared to GNG12 in the mouse brain, with predominant expression in the basal ganglia and ventral forebrain.

BRAIN RNA EXPRESSION

HUMAN

Cerebral cortex Hippocampal formation Amygdala Basal ganglia Thalamus Hypothalamus Midbrain Cerebellum Pons Medulla oblongata Spinal cord White matter Corpus callosum Expression Detection All organs	HPA Human brain datasetⁱ Normalized RNA expression levels (nTPM) shown for the 13 brain regions. Color coding is based on brain region and the bar shows the highest expression among the subregions included. To access sample data, click on region name or bar. Read more about normalized expression levels in Assays & Annotation.
CTX HPF AMY BG TH HY MB CB P M SC WM
Cerebral cortex Hippocampal formation Amygdala Basal ganglia Thalamus Hypothalamus Midbrain Cerebellum Pons Medulla oblongata Spinal cord White matter

COMPARISON BRAIN RNA EXPRESSION

GTEX AND FANTOM HUMAN BRAIN

GTEx Human brain RNA-Seq datasetⁱ

FANTOM5 Human brain CAGE datasetⁱ

MOUSE

HPA Mouse brain RNA-Seq datasetⁱ

Allen Mouse brain ISH datasetⁱ

HUMAN BRAIN PROTEIN LOCATIONⁱ

Location example	Caudate
Location summary	Protein detected in neuronal cell bodies and neuropil, most abundant in caudate.
Antibody reliability	Supported based on HPA057790

HPA Human protein locationⁱ

MOUSE BRAIN PROTEIN LOCATIONⁱ

Protein profile	GNG12 is generally found in several human tissues, with small intestine and aorta showing the highest RNA expression and brain being one of those with lowest. In the mouse, moderate/strong-intensity and diffuse/synaptic-type immunoreactivity as well as staining of fine axonal networks are noticed in multiple (but not all) forebrain regions, using an antibody that detects both GNG12 and GNG7. These areas include the olfactory bulb glomerular layer, 'prefrontal' cortical areas, superficial (I-IV.) layers of the neocortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus (arcuate region), caudate putamen, globus pallidus and nucleus accumbens. In the brainstem, the staining is restricted to the substantia nigra and the inferior colliculus. Finally, available data from transcriptomic databases demonstrate much higher levels of GNG7 compared to GNG12 in the mouse brain, with predominant expression in the basal ganglia and ventral forebrain.
Cellular location	Axon and synapse in neurons.
Protein profile reliability	Supported based on HPA057790

HPA Mouse staining intesityⁱ


Selected annotations	Olfactory bulb	Basal ganglia	Cerebral Cortex	Hippocampal formation
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