Single cell type - ACAT1 - The Human Protein Atlas

GENERAL INFORMATIONⁱ General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene nameⁱ Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.	ACAT1
Gene descriptionⁱ Full gene name according to HGNC.	Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1
Protein classⁱ Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s). Read more	Disease related genes Enzymes Human disease related genes Metabolic proteins Plasma proteins Potential drug targets
Predicted locationⁱ All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions. Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached. Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s). The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location. Read more	Intracellular
Number of transcriptsⁱ Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.	8

HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATIONⁱ Summary of RNA expression and protein localization based on data generated within the Human Protein Atlas project.
Single cell type expression clusterⁱ The RNA data was used to cluster genes according to their expression across single cell types. Clusters contain genes that have similar expression patterns, and each cluster has been manually annotated to describe common features in terms of function and specificity. Read more	Proximal tubular cells - Tubular reabsorption (mainly)
Single cell type specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed cell types based on scRNA-seq data from normal tissues. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected. Read more	Cell type enhanced (Proximal tubular cells, Distal tubular cells, Hepatocytes, Cardiomyocytes)
Immune cell specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples based on data from HPA. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected. Read more	Low immune cell specificity
Immune cell distributionⁱ The RNA distribution category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples based on data from HPA. The categories include: detected in all, detected in many, detected in some, detected in single and not detected. Read more	Detected in all
Cell line specificityⁱ RNA specificity category based on RNA sequencing data from all cell lines in the Human Protein Atlas. Genes are classified into six different categories (enriched, group enriched, enhanced, low specificity and not detected) according to their RNA expression levels across the panel of cell lines. Read more	Cell line enhanced (RPMI-8226)
Cell line distributionⁱ RNA distribution category based on RNA sequencing data from all cell lines in the Human Protein Atlas. Genes are classified into five different categories (detected in all, detected in many, detected in some, detected in single and not detected) according to their pattern of detected RNA expression across the panel of cell lines. Read more	Detected in all
Protein evidenceⁱ Evidence score for genes based on UniProt protein existence (UniProt evidence); a Human Protein Atlas antibody- or RNA based score (HPA evidence); and evidence based on PeptideAtlas (MS evidence). The avaliable scores are evidence at protein level, evidence at transcript level, no evidence, or not avaliable. Read more	Evidence at protein level

SINGLE CELL TYPESⁱ A summary of single cell RNA (nTPM) from all single cell types. Color-coding is based on cell type groups, each consisting of cell types with functional features in common.
Single cell types Group Expression Alphabetical RNA single cell type specificity: Cell type enhanced (Proximal tubular cells, Distal tubular cells, Hepatocytes, Cardiomyocytes)

SINGLE CELL TISSUES OVERVIEWⁱ An overview of all tissues where single cell type expression has been analyzed. Each tissue name and corresponding UMAP plot is clickable and redirects to the selected tissue.
Adipose tissue Bone marrow Brain Breast Bronchus Colon Endometrium Esophagus Eye Heart muscle Kidney Liver Lung Lymph node Ovary Pancreas Placenta Prostate Rectum Skeletal muscle Skin Small intestine Spleen Stomach Testis

EXPRESSION CLUSTERING & CORRELATIONⁱ

ACAT1 is part of cluster 67 Proximal tubular cells - Tubular reabsorption with confidenceⁱ 1
499 genes in cluster

Go to interactive expression cluster page

15 nearest neighbours based on single cell type RNA expression

Neighbourⁱ Gene name according to HGNC.	Descriptionⁱ Gene description according to HGNC.	Correlationⁱ Correlation between the selected gene and neighboring gene. Correlation is calculated as Spearman correlation in PCA space based on the RNA-seq expression data. Read more	Clusterⁱ ID of the expression cluster of the neighboring gene. Read more
RBP5	Retinol binding protein 5	0.8915	67
C11orf54	Chromosome 11 open reading frame 54	0.8907	67
MIOX	Myo-inositol oxygenase	0.8901	67
BBOX1	Gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase 1	0.8829	67
MAJIN	Membrane anchored junction protein	0.8825	67
LYG1	Lysozyme g1	0.8792	67
TEX51	Testis expressed 51	0.8734	67
ASPDH	Aspartate dehydrogenase domain containing	0.8706	67
HAO2	Hydroxyacid oxidase 2	0.8671	67
TRIM6	Tripartite motif containing 6	0.8622	67
NIT2	Nitrilase family member 2	0.8606	67
SMIM32	Small integral membrane protein 32	0.8550	67
STK19	Serine/threonine kinase 19	0.8536	67
AK4	Adenylate kinase 4	0.8535	67
ALDH6A1	Aldehyde dehydrogenase 6 family member A1	0.8525	67

SINGLE CELL TISSUESⁱ Single cell RNA levels of annotated cell type clusters are shown separately for each analyzed tissue. For easier navigation across tissues, use the above Single cell tissue overview, where each tissue name and UMAP plot is clickable and redirects to the selected tissue, alternatively the grey browser on the left side of the window. Barchart shows nTPM levels in each annotated cluster of single cells. To the left, a UMAP plot illustrates the RNA expression profile. The tissue name and plots are clickable and redirect to a more detailed interactive page. Color-coding is based on cell type groups, each consisting of cell types with functional features in common. Please note that the same cell type may be found in several clusters.
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Adipose tissue
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Bone marrow
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Brain
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Breast
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Bronchus
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Colon
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Endometrium
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Esophagus
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Eye
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Heart muscle
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Kidney
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Liver
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Lung
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Lymph node
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Ovary
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Pancreas
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Placenta
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Prostate
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Rectum
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Skeletal muscle
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Skin
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Small intestine
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Spleen
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Stomach
Cluster Expression Alphabetical Testis

BLOODⁱ

Single cell data

Cluster

Expression

Alphabetical

PBMC

Flow sorted data

Lineage

Expression

Alphabetical

CELL LINESⁱ

Organ

Expression

Alphabetical

Adipocytes	50.5 nTPM
Breast	57.0 nTPM
Adipose tissue	44.1 nTPM

Alveolar cells type 1	54.5 nTPM
Lung	54.5 nTPM

Alveolar cells type 2	91.8 nTPM
Lung	91.8 nTPM

Astrocytes	17.9 nTPM
Brain	17.9 nTPM

B-cells	37.2 nTPM
Liver	93.2 nTPM
Kidney	80.9 nTPM
PBMC	48.5 nTPM
Spleen	29.0 nTPM
Bone marrow	24.5 nTPM
Breast	22.8 nTPM
Stomach	22.3 nTPM
Adipose tissue	20.1 nTPM
Lymph node	17.9 nTPM
Colon	12.8 nTPM

Dendritic cells	29.2 nTPM
PBMC	47.8 nTPM
Breast	21.5 nTPM
Adipose tissue	18.4 nTPM

Endothelial cells	62.5 nTPM
Lung	106.0 nTPM
Heart muscle	93.1 nTPM
Liver	83.5 nTPM
Eye	77.7 nTPM
Pancreas	77.2 nTPM
Testis	64.0 nTPM
Breast	56.2 nTPM
Skin	53.7 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	52.1 nTPM
Placenta	49.5 nTPM
Prostate	41.3 nTPM
Endometrium	41.3 nTPM
Esophagus	41.3 nTPM
Ovary	37.7 nTPM

Fibroblasts	57.1 nTPM
Heart muscle	138.9 nTPM
Adipose tissue	65.8 nTPM
Esophagus	58.5 nTPM
Stomach	55.0 nTPM
Skin	54.6 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	52.9 nTPM
Breast	43.3 nTPM
Placenta	42.6 nTPM
Prostate	42.4 nTPM
Ovary	41.9 nTPM
Lung	32.4 nTPM

Intestinal goblet cells	38.5 nTPM
Rectum	53.9 nTPM
Colon	35.1 nTPM
Small intestine	26.5 nTPM

Macrophages	39.1 nTPM
Kidney	114.2 nTPM
Lung	87.3 nTPM
Pancreas	68.9 nTPM
Prostate	44.7 nTPM
Testis	38.3 nTPM
Endometrium	36.9 nTPM
Bone marrow	32.4 nTPM
Ovary	32.2 nTPM
Esophagus	29.9 nTPM
Breast	26.4 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	22.0 nTPM
Adipose tissue	21.2 nTPM
Spleen	16.5 nTPM
Stomach	14.7 nTPM
PBMC	0.0 nTPM

Paneth cells	93.8 nTPM
Small intestine	108.8 nTPM
Rectum	100.2 nTPM
Colon	72.5 nTPM

Plasma cells	52.7 nTPM
Spleen	86.2 nTPM
Stomach	55.1 nTPM
Bone marrow	47.7 nTPM
Esophagus	43.0 nTPM
Adipose tissue	31.6 nTPM

Respiratory ciliated cells	101.8 nTPM
Bronchus	110.4 nTPM
Lung	93.3 nTPM

Smooth muscle cells	69.2 nTPM
Bronchus	193.0 nTPM
Heart muscle	77.3 nTPM
Pancreas	73.1 nTPM
Prostate	72.2 nTPM
Skin	69.3 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	60.6 nTPM
Adipose tissue	59.7 nTPM
Esophagus	44.9 nTPM
Breast	41.6 nTPM
Endometrium	37.2 nTPM
Ovary	32.5 nTPM

T-cells	38.1 nTPM
Kidney	128.0 nTPM
Liver	66.5 nTPM
Skin	56.1 nTPM
Lung	51.6 nTPM
PBMC	50.8 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	32.1 nTPM
Ovary	31.1 nTPM
Prostate	28.4 nTPM
Breast	27.7 nTPM
Adipose tissue	27.3 nTPM
Esophagus	26.2 nTPM
Bone marrow	26.2 nTPM
Colon	23.7 nTPM
Spleen	21.6 nTPM
Stomach	17.5 nTPM
Lymph node	17.0 nTPM
Endometrium	16.8 nTPM

Basal keratinocytes	43.1 nTPM
Skin	43.1 nTPM

Basal prostatic cells	52.2 nTPM
Prostate	52.2 nTPM

Basal respiratory cells	48.9 nTPM
Bronchus	48.9 nTPM

Basal squamous epithelial cells	23.9 nTPM
Esophagus	23.9 nTPM

Undifferentiated cells	84.5 nTPM
Rectum	105.5 nTPM
Colon	101.1 nTPM
Small intestine	47.0 nTPM

Adipose tissue

Bone marrow

Brain

Breast

Bronchus

Colon

Endometrium

Esophagus

Eye

Heart muscle

Kidney

Liver

Lung

Lymph node

Ovary

Pancreas

Placenta

Prostate

Rectum

Skeletal muscle

Skin

Small intestine

Spleen

Stomach

Testis

PBMC