Subcellular - POLK - The Human Protein Atlas

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Cluster

Pathway

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NEWS

POLK

SUMMARY

TISSUE

BRAIN

SINGLE CELL

TISSUE CELL

PATHOLOGY

IMMUNE

BLOOD

SUBCELL

CELL LINE

METABOLIC

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GENERAL INFORMATIONⁱ General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene nameⁱ Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.	POLK
Gene descriptionⁱ Full gene name according to HGNC.	DNA polymerase kappa
Protein classⁱ Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s). Read more	Enzymes Metabolic proteins Plasma proteins
Predicted locationⁱ All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions. Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached. Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s). The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location. Read more	Intracellular
Number of transcriptsⁱ Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.	5

HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATIONⁱ Summary of RNA expression and protein localization based on data generated within the Human Protein Atlas project.
Main locationⁱ Main subcellular location(s) and reliability score(s) for the encoded protein(s) in human cells. The main location(s) may be characterized by presence in all tested cell lines and/or ihigher staining intensity compared to the potential additional location(s). If available, links to overrepresentation analyses in Reactome, a free, open-source, curated and peer reviewed biological pathway database, are provided. An analysis is done for the corresponding gene set of the proteome localizing to the main and additional locations of the protein on this page, respectively. Read more	Localized to the Nucleoplasm (enhanced)
Single-cell variationⁱ Single-cell variations of protein expression or distribution observed within single images in human cells. Variation in protein expression levels can be observed as varaiations in the intensity of the immunofluorescent signal, while spatial variations can be observed asvariations in subcellular distribution of the protein. Read more	Single-cell variation in protein expression observed.
GFPⁱ Validation score for the subcellular location(s) of the encoded proteins(s) according to a GFP assay. Read more	The location(s) are Enhanced based on analysis of GFP-tagged protein.
Reliability scoreⁱ Overall gene reliability score for the subcellular location(s) of the encoded protein(s). A reliability score is set for all genes and indicates the level of reliability of the analyzed protein expression pattern based on available protein/RNA/gene characterization data. The reliability of the annotated protein expression data is also scored depending on similarity in immunostaining patterns and consistency with available experimental gene/protein characterization data in the UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot database. Read more	Enhanced
Antibodiesⁱ Antibodies used for this assay. Click on an antibody for more information.	HPA012035 , HPA057303 , HPA068117 , HPA069375
	SHOW MORE

ASSAYSⁱ

RNA expression

Human cells

GFP

RNA EXPRESSION OVERVIEWⁱ

RNA cell line categoryⁱ

RNA specificity category based on RNA sequencing data from all cell lines in the Human Protein Atlas. Genes are classified into six different categories (enriched, group enriched, enhanced, low specificity and not detected) according to their RNA expression levels across the panel of cell lines.
Read more
: Low cell line specificity

Organ

Origin

Category

Expression

Alphabetical

Cell lines ordered by organ of phenotypic resemblance.

HUMAN CELLSⁱ

Summaryⁱ

Mainly localized to the nucleoplasm.

Main locationⁱ

Nucleoplasm (enhanced)


	Toggle channelsⁱ Buttons for turning on and off the different channels in the multi-color images. The intensity toggle shows the pixel intensity range in 16 different colors for the selected channel. The object toggle shows the computational segmentation of the cells used for further analysis in the HPA project. For samples where cell cycle dependency for the protein is suggested according to a correlation assay the predicted cell cycle position of each cell is displayed when using the object toggle.	Low High

Antibodyⁱ Antibody used for analysis. Clicking the antibody ID links to the antibody validation page.	Cell lineⁱ Cell line used for analysis. Read more about the cell lines in the Human Protein Atlas.	Cell line RNA Expression (nTPM)ⁱ RNA expression level in the cell line based on normalised RNA sequencing data. Genes with a value above 1 NX are considered to be expressed. Read more	Locationⁱ Observed subcellular location(s).	Single-cell variationⁱ observed single-cell variation(s) in the staining pattern. Variation in protein expression levels can be observed as varaiations in the intensity of the immunofluorescent signal, while spatial variations can be observed asvariations in subcellular distribution of the protein. Read more
HPA012035	RH-30	10.6	Nucleoplasm	Intensity
HPA012035	U-2 OS	3.6	Nucleoplasm	Intensity
HPA012035	U-251 MG	7.2	No staining
HPA057303	A-431	6.7	Nucleoplasm
HPA057303	A-431	6.7	Nuclear bodies
HPA057303	U-2 OS	3.6	Nucleoplasm
HPA057303	U-2 OS	3.6	Nuclear bodies
HPA057303	U-251 MG	7.2	Nucleoplasm
HPA057303	U-251 MG	7.2	Nuclear bodies
HPA068117	RH-30	10.6	Nucleoplasm
HPA068117	U-251 MG	7.2	Nucleoplasm
HPA069375	BJ	12.5	Nucleoplasm
HPA069375	U-2 OS	3.6	Nucleoplasm
HPA069375	U-251 MG	7.2	Nucleoplasm

GFPⁱ

Antibodyⁱ

HPA057303

Validationⁱ

C-terminal tag
BAC cell line: 6551
Enhanced: Antibody staining overlaps with GFP tagged protein but show additional locations

Antibodyⁱ

HPA068117

Validationⁱ

C-terminal tag
BAC cell line: 6551
Enhanced: Antibody staining overlaps with GFP tagged protein


	Toggle channelsⁱ Buttons for turning on and off the different channels in the multi-color images. The HPA-antibody staining targeting the protein of interest is shown in green and the staining of the GFP-tagged protein in purple. The intensity toggle shows the pixel intensity range in 16 different colors for the selected channel.	Low High

Antibodyⁱ Antibody used for analysis. Clicking the antibody ID links to the antibody validation page.	Cell lineⁱ Cell line used for analysis. Read more about the cell lines in the Human Protein Atlas.	BAC idⁱ BAC cell line used in the analysis. BAC cell lines have been obtained from the Hyman lab. The untransfected HeLa control cells are referred to as "normal".	Tagⁱ The GFP construct can be tagged to the target protein at either the N- or C-terminal, for some genes both versions are available.	Location antibody stainingⁱ Observed subcellular location(s) annotated for HPA-antibody targeting the endogenous protein.	Location tagged proteinⁱ Observed subcellular location(s) for the antibody targeting the GFP-tagged version of the protein.
HPA057303	HeLa	6551	C-terminal	Nucleoplasm, Nuclear bodies	Nucleoplasm
HPA057303	HeLa	Normal	-	Nucleoplasm, Nuclear bodies	-
HPA068117	HeLa	6551	C-terminal	Nucleoplasm	Nucleoplasm
HPA068117	HeLa	Normal	-	Nucleoplasm, Cytosol	-

Contact

contact@proteinatlas.org

The Project

The Human Protein Atlas

The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
by the Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation.